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Do Employers Pay for LinkedIn Learning? (w/Examples) + FAQs

Yes, many U.S. employers pay for LinkedIn Learning, either by buying team or enterprise licenses, reimbursing employees who purchase individual subscriptions, or folding the cost into a broader professional development stipend. The practice is common because the Internal Revenue Code Section 127 lets employers provide up to $5,250 per year in tax-free educational assistance to each employee, and Section 132(d) lets employers deduct the full cost of job-related training as a working-condition fringe benefit. When an employer ignores these rules, the training dollars may become taxable wages, which triggers payroll tax liability, W-2 corrections, and possible penalties from the IRS.

The core friction most workers face is simple. They want the skills, but they do not know which bucket of federal, state, and contract law controls whether the boss must pay, may pay, or refuses to pay. The governing framework sits at the intersection of IRS Publication 15-B, the Fair Labor Standards Act’s training-time rule at 29 C.F.R. § 785.27, state reimbursement statutes like California Labor Code § 2802, and private training repayment agreements now under fire from the Federal Trade Commission.

According to the 2025 LinkedIn Workplace Learning Report, 90% of organizations are concerned about employee retention, and providing learning opportunities is the number-one retention strategy. Here is what you will learn in this guide:

  • 📚 How the IRS lets bosses pay up to $5,250 tax-free each year
  • 💼 Which real companies, like Microsoft and Bank of America, already pay for it
  • ⚖️ When state laws force the employer to cover the cost
  • 🧾 How to request reimbursement without triggering a tax problem
  • 🚫 The seven biggest mistakes that kill employer-paid learning requests

How LinkedIn Learning Pricing Works for Employers

LinkedIn Learning sells three main plans, and the price your employer pays depends on headcount, contract length, and whether the seats sit inside a larger Microsoft 365 bundle. The individual plan on LinkedIn’s pricing page runs about $39.99 per month on a monthly plan or $239.88 per year when billed annually. Teams licenses for small businesses with 2 to 20 users run roughly $379.88 per user per year, and enterprise contracts for 21 or more users are custom-priced, often landing between $240 and $340 per seat per year once volume discounts apply. The employer picks the plan that matches its budget and its learning goals.

The individual plan gives one worker access to the full 17,000-course catalog, plus a LinkedIn Premium Career subscription. The teams plan adds admin controls, learner analytics, and group learning paths. The enterprise plan layers in single sign-on through SAML, integrations with learning management systems like Cornerstone and Workday Learning, custom content uploads, and skills analytics tied to the LinkedIn Skills Graph.

The plain-English point is that employers buy seats in bulk to get a lower per-user price and better reporting. The consequence of picking the wrong plan is wasted money, because unused seats still bill each month. A real scenario looks like this: a 150-person marketing agency buys 50 enterprise seats at $300 each, spends $15,000 per year, but only 22 employees log in, so the effective cost per active learner jumps to $681 per year. A common misconception is that the individual plan and the teams plan give the same content, but only teams and enterprise plans unlock admin dashboards that let HR prove training happened.

Teams vs. Enterprise vs. Individual

Plan TierWho It Fits Best
Individual ($239.88/yr)Solo learners and freelancers paying out of pocket
Teams (~$379.88/user/yr)Small businesses with 2 to 20 learners needing light admin tools
Enterprise (custom, ~$240–$340/seat)Companies with 21+ learners needing SSO, LMS sync, and analytics

The tier choice also drives tax treatment. When the employer buys enterprise seats and assigns them for job-related skills, the entire cost is deductible under IRC § 162 as an ordinary business expense, and the value is excludable from the worker’s wages under Section 132(d). When the employer instead reimburses an employee who bought an individual plan, the reimbursement must flow through an accountable plan that meets the rules in Treasury Regulation § 1.62-2. If the plan is not accountable, the reimbursement becomes taxable wages and both sides owe payroll tax.

The Federal Tax Rules That Decide Who Pays

Two federal tax sections do most of the work. Section 127 of the Internal Revenue Code lets an employer set up a written educational assistance program and pay up to $5,250 per employee per year for tuition, fees, books, supplies, and equipment without adding a single dollar to the employee’s W-2. Section 132(d) works differently and has no dollar cap, but the training must qualify as a working-condition fringe benefit, meaning the employee could have deducted the cost as a business expense if they had paid out of pocket.

The plain-English rule is that Section 127 covers broad education that may not be job-specific, while Section 132(d) covers training that maintains or improves skills needed for the current job. LinkedIn Learning courses almost always fit under 132(d) when the course maps to current duties. A marketing coordinator taking Hootsuite Platform Training falls squarely inside 132(d). A paralegal taking Python for Data Science probably does not, because it does not maintain the current paralegal role, so the employer must lean on Section 127 instead.

The consequence of getting this wrong is real. If HR treats Python coursework as 132(d) fringe, the IRS can reclassify the reimbursement as wages on audit, assess back payroll tax, add the Section 6662 accuracy-related penalty at 20%, and demand interest. A real-world example: Jordan, a paralegal at a Dallas firm, accepts a $1,200 reimbursement for a LinkedIn Learning Python path. HR codes it as 132(d). Three years later, on audit, the IRS reclassifies it, and both Jordan and the firm owe FICA on the $1,200, plus a penalty.

A common misconception is that the $5,250 cap resets on the calendar year only. It actually resets on the employer’s plan year, which the written Section 127 plan document defines. Another misconception is that the $5,250 is a lifetime cap. It is annual, so an employee who stays five years can receive $26,250 tax-free across that window.

Section 127 Educational Assistance Programs

Section 127 is the workhorse for employer-paid LinkedIn Learning at most mid-size companies. The employer drafts a written plan, does not discriminate in favor of highly compensated employees, communicates the plan to all eligible workers, and caps benefits at $5,250 per person per year. The plan must cover education as defined in IRS Publication 970, and after the SECURE 2.0 Act of 2022, it can even cover student loan principal and interest payments through 2025.

The consequence of skipping the written plan is loss of the exclusion. Without a compliant document, every dollar paid becomes taxable wages, subject to FICA at 7.65% on each side, federal income tax withholding, and FUTA. A real-world mini-scenario: Priya, a data analyst at a Seattle fintech, receives $4,800 for a LinkedIn Learning data science path. Her employer never wrote a Section 127 plan. On audit, the $4,800 flips into wages, her W-2 is amended, she owes $1,200 in extra federal tax, and the employer owes matching FICA.

A common misconception is that verbal policies count. They do not. The written plan is the legal trigger for the exclusion under Treasury Reg § 1.127-2, and the IRS will demand it in any exam.

Section 132(d) Working-Condition Fringe

Section 132(d) has no dollar limit, which makes it the preferred bucket for expensive role-specific training. The course must maintain or improve skills required in the current job, or be required by the employer or by law to keep the job. The cost is excluded from the employee’s wages and is deductible to the employer under IRC § 162.

The consequence of misclassifying a non-job-related course as 132(d) is the same reclassification risk described above. The plain-English test is: would this employee, right now, need this skill to do today’s job? If yes, 132(d) works. If no, fall back to Section 127. A real example: Marcus, a cybersecurity analyst at a Virginia defense contractor, completes a $1,050 LinkedIn Learning CISSP prep path. The employer pays directly, codes it as 132(d), and the cost is fully excluded. The IRS accepts this because CISSP is industry-standard for his current role.

A common misconception is that 132(d) requires a written plan like Section 127. It does not. It only requires that the training be job-related and substantiated, typically through invoices and course completion records stored for the six-year retention window recommended by the IRS.

State Laws That Can Force Employers to Pay

Federal tax law tells you how not to be taxed, but state wage law can actually force the employer to pay in the first place. California is the most aggressive. Labor Code § 2802 makes the employer reimburse all necessary expenditures the employee incurs in direct consequence of the discharge of duties. If the employer requires a LinkedIn Learning course as a condition of employment, the employer must pay, and a worker who is denied reimbursement can file a wage claim with the California Labor Commissioner.

Illinois follows with the Illinois Wage Payment and Collection Act § 9.5, which requires reimbursement for employer-required expenses. Massachusetts, New Hampshire, North Dakota, South Dakota, Pennsylvania, Minnesota, Iowa, Montana, and the District of Columbia have similar reimbursement statutes. The plain-English rule is that if the boss says “take this course or lose your job,” the boss pays.

The consequence of refusing to reimburse in one of these states is steep. In California, the employee can recover the expense, attorney fees, interest, and a waiting-time penalty under Labor Code § 203 if the expense is treated as unpaid wages. A real scenario: Elena, a project manager at a San Diego construction firm, is told to complete LinkedIn Learning PMP certification prep at her own cost. She sues under § 2802, recovers the $239.88 subscription, plus $4,500 in attorney fees.

A common misconception is that § 2802 only covers things like mileage and cell phone bills. It covers any expense necessary to the job, which courts have read broadly to include mandatory training, per the California Supreme Court ruling in Gattuso v. Harte-Hanks Shoppers, Inc. (2007).

Training Time as Compensable Hours Under the FLSA

Separate from who pays for the course, federal wage law controls whether the time spent learning is paid time. 29 C.F.R. § 785.27 says training time is unpaid only when all four conditions are met: attendance is outside regular hours, attendance is voluntary, the course is not directly related to the current job, and the employee does no productive work during the training. Miss any one condition and the hours become paid hours under the Fair Labor Standards Act.

The consequence of unpaid mandatory training time is an FLSA wage-and-hour claim, with back pay, liquidated damages equal to the back pay, and attorney fees, as explained in the U.S. Department of Labor Fact Sheet #22. A real-world mini-scenario: Tasha, a call-center rep in Atlanta, is told to finish a three-hour LinkedIn Learning customer service path during her Saturday off. Because the training is mandatory and job-related, those three hours become paid hours, and if she is non-exempt, overtime may apply.

A common misconception is that salaried workers are exempt from this rule. They are only exempt if they meet the white-collar duties and salary tests in 29 C.F.R. Part 541. Misclassified non-exempt workers still earn training hours.

Three Most Common Employer-Paid LinkedIn Learning Scenarios

The next three tables walk through the three scenarios most employers use in 2026. Each table names the employer’s chosen funding path and the practical result for the worker.

Scenario 1: Enterprise Seat Assigned Directly

Funding PathPractical Result for Worker
Employer buys enterprise seat and assigns to workerZero cost to worker, no taxable wages, full catalog access
Employer pays annual contract through procurementWorker logs in with SSO, courses appear on LinkedIn profile
Training counts under IRC § 132(d) as working-condition fringeNo W-2 impact, no reimbursement paperwork required

Scenario 2: Tuition Reimbursement After Completion

Funding PathPractical Result for Worker
Worker buys individual plan and pays $239.88 upfrontWorker fronts the money and waits for reimbursement
Worker submits receipt plus completion certificate to HRReimbursement flows under a written Section 127 plan
Reimbursement capped at $5,250 per plan yearNo tax if plan is compliant; taxable wages if not

Scenario 3: Professional Development Stipend

Funding PathPractical Result for Worker
Employer gives $1,500 annual learning stipendWorker chooses LinkedIn Learning or other vendor
Stipend paid through accountable plan under Treas. Reg. § 1.62-2No tax if receipts are submitted and timely
Unused stipend usually forfeits at year-endWorker must plan learning inside the benefit year

Real Companies That Pay for LinkedIn Learning

Many Fortune 500 and large private employers fund LinkedIn Learning as a retention tool. Microsoft, which owns LinkedIn, gives every full-time employee free LinkedIn Learning access and an annual professional development budget. Bank of America provides LinkedIn Learning through its Academy platform to roughly 213,000 employees and funds external credentials. AT&T’s Future Ready program partnered with LinkedIn Learning to reskill workers in cloud, cybersecurity, and data science.

Wells Fargo includes LinkedIn Learning under its Learning at Work platform and pairs it with up to $5,000 per year in external tuition reimbursement. Target’s Dream to Be program offers full coverage of eligible education costs, with LinkedIn Learning used as the front-end upskilling layer. Walmart Academy offers learning paths inside its own LMS and uses LinkedIn Learning content for corporate-role employees.

A named example: Aisha, a marketing manager at a Fortune 100 bank in Charlotte, uses her LinkedIn Learning enterprise seat to finish the Digital Marketing Foundations path. Her employer pays $312 per seat per year under an enterprise contract. Aisha pays nothing, owes no extra tax, and earns a skill badge that displays on her public LinkedIn profile, which maps to the LinkedIn Skills Graph.

The plain-English point is that when a large employer offers LinkedIn Learning, it is almost always under an enterprise contract with Section 132(d) treatment, so the worker pays nothing and owes nothing. The consequence of not asking HR whether this benefit exists is forgone training worth several hundred dollars per year. A common misconception is that only the biggest companies offer this. Mid-size employers with as few as 50 employees also buy enterprise seats, often through SHRM benchmarking recommendations.

Training Repayment Agreement Provisions (TRAPs)

Some employers pay for training up front but require the employee to repay the cost if the worker quits within a set period. These clauses are called training repayment agreement provisions, or TRAPs. The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau and the Federal Trade Commission have scrutinized TRAPs as potentially unfair and deceptive, and the FTC’s 2024 Non-Compete Rule indirectly targets TRAPs that operate like de facto non-competes.

The plain-English point is that a TRAP can be enforceable when the training has real outside value, the repayment amount is reasonable and prorated, and the agreement is in writing and signed before training begins. A LinkedIn Learning course costing $239.88 will almost never sustain a TRAP because the dollar amount is too small to show harm. The consequence of trying to enforce a tiny TRAP is wasted legal fees and possible liability for unfair trade practices under state UDAP statutes.

A real-world example: Kevin, a sales rep at a Boston SaaS firm, signs a TRAP to repay $18,000 for a year of LinkedIn Learning plus Salesforce Trailhead plus vendor certifications if he quits within 24 months. He leaves after 15 months. The employer sues under the TRAP. Under Massachusetts case law reading reasonableness into such clauses, the court prorates the repayment and knocks it down to about $5,625.

A common misconception is that TRAPs are flat bans on leaving. They are not bans. They are debts tied to leaving, and many states, including California under Business and Professions Code § 16600, treat them as void restraints on trade if they function like non-competes.

How to Ask Your Employer to Pay for LinkedIn Learning

Start by checking whether your company already has an enterprise contract, because many large employers bought seats and never publicized them. Ask HR for the SSO sign-in URL. If no contract exists, submit a written request tied to a specific business goal, with a price quote, a course list, and a brief skills-gap analysis based on LinkedIn’s 2025 Most In-Demand Skills list.

The consequence of a vague request is denial. HR approves training requests that map to measurable outcomes, not requests framed as “I want to grow.” A named example: Derek, a product designer at a Denver startup, writes a one-page memo asking for a $239.88 annual LinkedIn Learning subscription plus four hours per month of learning time. He ties each course to a sprint goal. His manager approves within a week because the memo reads as business investment, not personal perk.

A plain-English tip is to reference Section 127 and Section 132(d) by name. HR teams respond to tax language because it signals you understand the cost treatment. A common misconception is that asking for training will mark you as a flight risk. The 2025 LinkedIn Workplace Learning Report shows the opposite: learners stay longer at companies that invest in them.

Mistakes to Avoid When Requesting Employer-Paid LinkedIn Learning

The mistakes below sink most reimbursement requests and sometimes trigger unexpected tax bills. Each one has a direct negative outcome, and each one is avoidable with a short planning step.

  • Paying out of pocket without asking HR first, which locks you out of Section 127 pre-tax treatment and forces you to claim nothing on your return because the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act eliminated the employee miscellaneous itemized deduction
  • Picking a course unrelated to your current role, which pushes the reimbursement outside Section 132(d) and into taxable wages
  • Forgetting to submit receipts within 60 days of incurring the expense, which breaks the accountable-plan rule in Treas. Reg. § 1.62-2(g)
  • Assuming the $5,250 Section 127 cap resets on January 1 when your employer’s plan year may run July to June
  • Ignoring state reimbursement laws like California § 2802 that may force the employer to pay even without a policy
  • Signing a TRAP without reading the repayment schedule, which can turn a free course into a five-figure debt if you leave early
  • Treating mandatory training as unpaid time, which may violate 29 C.F.R. § 785.27 and trigger an FLSA claim from your own colleagues
  • Failing to keep course completion certificates, which removes your audit trail if the IRS questions the fringe benefit
  • Using a personal LinkedIn account when the employer assigns a corporate seat, which splits your learning history across two profiles and can cost you skill badges tied to the Skills Graph
  • Asking verbally, which leaves no paper trail and makes reimbursement disputes a he-said she-said contest

Do’s and Don’ts for Employer-Paid Learning

The following list captures the habits that win funding and the habits that kill funding. Each point includes the why behind it.

Do:

  • Do submit a written request with a course list, price quote, and tie to a business goal, because HR needs a paper trail for its own audit
  • Do ask whether an enterprise seat already exists, because you may be paying for something that is already free
  • Do request both the subscription cost and the learning time, because FLSA training-time rules may require paid hours anyway
  • Do keep every receipt and completion certificate for six years, because the IRS recommends that retention period for fringe benefit substantiation
  • Do read your offer letter and handbook for Section 127 language, because a hidden benefit may already be available
  • Do align courses to the LinkedIn Skills Graph tags your employer uses, because the badges flow into internal talent systems

Don’t:

  • Don’t pay first and ask later, because you lose the pre-tax structure
  • Don’t accept a reimbursement coded outside an accountable plan, because it will show up as taxable wages
  • Don’t sign a TRAP longer than 24 months for training under $5,000, because the ratio rarely holds up in court
  • Don’t share your corporate LinkedIn Learning login, because LinkedIn’s User Agreement prohibits account sharing and can revoke access
  • Don’t assume all courses qualify under Section 132(d), because only job-related courses qualify
  • Don’t ignore state reimbursement laws, because they may override an employer’s no-pay policy

Pros and Cons of Employer-Paid LinkedIn Learning

Below is the short list of upsides and downsides every worker and every HR team should weigh before signing up.

Pros:

  • Pros include zero out-of-pocket cost to the employee when the employer holds an enterprise contract
  • Pros include tax-free treatment up to $5,250 annually under Section 127, which is real money in the paycheck
  • Pros include skill badges that display on public LinkedIn profiles, which boosts career mobility
  • Pros include access to the full 17,000-course catalog, which is broader than most single-vendor training libraries
  • Pros include paid learning time when the training is mandatory, which is required by FLSA
  • Pros include admin dashboards that help managers prove compliance training happened

Cons:

  • Cons include TRAP exposure if the employer ties a repayment clause to the training
  • Cons include loss of training access the day employment ends, because enterprise seats are employer-owned
  • Cons include possible tax on reimbursements that fall outside an accountable plan
  • Cons include misclassification risk when HR codes non-job-related courses as 132(d) fringe
  • Cons include data privacy questions because completion data flows back to the employer’s admin console
  • Cons include learning fatigue when employers assign mandatory courses on top of regular workload

Key Entities You Should Know

Several organizations shape whether and how employers pay. LinkedIn Learning, a Microsoft subsidiary, sells the subscriptions and controls pricing tiers. The Internal Revenue Service enforces Sections 127, 132(d), and 162, and publishes Publication 15-B, which is the working manual HR uses to code fringe benefits. The U.S. Department of Labor Wage and Hour Division enforces the FLSA training-time rule under 29 C.F.R. § 785.27.

State labor commissioners, such as the California Labor Commissioner’s Office, handle state reimbursement claims under statutes like Labor Code § 2802. The Federal Trade Commission polices TRAPs that function as non-competes. The Society for Human Resource Management publishes the benchmarking data HR leaders use to size training budgets. The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau has opened inquiries into employer-driven debt, including TRAPs.

A named example: Priya, a senior HR business partner at a Minneapolis health system, uses SHRM benchmarks, IRS Publication 15-B, and the 2025 LinkedIn Workplace Learning Report together when she drafts her company’s Section 127 plan document. She runs each draft through counsel to confirm the plan is non-discriminatory under the safe harbor in Treas. Reg. § 1.127-2(e).

A common misconception is that LinkedIn Learning content is pre-approved for SHRM or HRCI recertification credit automatically. It is not. Individual courses carry credit only when the provider tags them, so HR staff should confirm credit on each course page.

Step-by-Step Process for Setting Up Section 127 Coverage

The process an employer follows to pay for LinkedIn Learning tax-free is defined and short. The employer drafts a written Section 127 plan, cites the plan document’s effective date, names the eligible employee class, sets the $5,250 annual cap, and publishes the plan to all eligible workers. Each of these line items matters.

The first line is the written plan document itself. Without it, the tax exclusion evaporates. The second line is the eligibility class. Section 127 forbids plans that favor highly compensated employees, so eligibility must be reasonable and broad. The third line is the $5,250 cap, which is the statutory maximum.

The fourth line is non-cash or cash treatment. Section 127 allows direct payment to a course provider, direct reimbursement to an employee, and, through 2025, direct payment of student loans. The fifth line is substantiation. The employee must submit receipts and proof of completion, because the employer bears the audit burden. The sixth line is record retention, commonly six years, per IRS substantiation guidance. Each choice along this chain has a downstream tax consequence.

A named example: Marcus, the benefits manager at a Richmond manufacturing firm with 320 employees, rolls out a Section 127 plan in January 2026. He caps annual benefits at $5,250, opens eligibility to all full-time employees after 90 days, and funds LinkedIn Learning enterprise seats plus external tuition. He retains records in Workday for six years. The plan passes IRS review the following year with zero adjustments.

Recap of Relevant Legal Precedents

Two rulings frame how courts read employer-paid training claims. In Gattuso v. Harte-Hanks Shoppers, Inc., 42 Cal. 4th 554 (2007), the California Supreme Court held that § 2802 requires full reimbursement of necessary expenses, and the employer may choose the method, but the employee cannot be forced to absorb the cost. Courts have cited this ruling when workers sue over mandatory training expenses, including online course fees.

In USS-POSCO Industries v. Case, 244 Cal. App. 4th 197 (2016), the California Court of Appeal upheld a prorated TRAP tied to a two-year apprenticeship, because the training had independent market value and the repayment schedule was proportional. That ruling is the template modern employers use when they draft enforceable TRAPs around LinkedIn Learning bundles plus external certifications.

A plain-English takeaway is that workers win reimbursement fights when the training is mandatory, and employers win TRAP enforcement when the training has real outside value and the repayment is reasonable. The consequence of ignoring either rule is a losing lawsuit and a pile of attorney fees.

FAQs

Do most employers pay for LinkedIn Learning in 2026?

Yes. Most mid-size and large U.S. employers either buy enterprise seats directly or offer reimbursement through a Section 127 educational assistance program, based on 2025 LinkedIn Workplace Learning Report data.

Is employer-paid LinkedIn Learning taxable to the employee?

No. Employer-paid LinkedIn Learning is not taxable when it fits under IRC § 127 up to $5,250 per year or under IRC § 132(d) with no cap.

Can I deduct LinkedIn Learning on my personal taxes?

No. Unreimbursed employee education expenses are not deductible for W-2 workers through 2025 because the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act eliminated the miscellaneous itemized deduction.

Does California law require employers to pay for required training?

Yes. California Labor Code § 2802 requires full reimbursement of expenses necessary to perform the job, and mandatory LinkedIn Learning courses usually fall inside that rule.

Must my employer pay me for time spent on required LinkedIn Learning?

Yes. If training is mandatory, job-related, or done during work hours, the time is compensable under 29 C.F.R. § 785.27, including overtime when applicable.

Can an employer make me repay training costs if I quit?

Yes. A Training Repayment Agreement Provision can be enforceable when the repayment is reasonable, prorated, and tied to training with real outside value, as shown in USS-POSCO Industries v. Case.

Does Section 127 cover student loan payments too?

Yes. SECURE 2.0 Act changes let employers use the $5,250 Section 127 bucket to pay student loan principal and interest through December 31, 2025.

Is a verbal reimbursement promise enough for tax-free treatment?

No. A written Section 127 plan document is required under Treas. Reg. § 1.127-2, and verbal policies do not trigger the exclusion.

Will LinkedIn Learning certificates count for SHRM or HRCI credit?

Yes. Many LinkedIn Learning courses carry SHRM or HRCI credit when the provider tags them, so learners should check each course page before enrolling.

Can small employers afford enterprise LinkedIn Learning seats?

Yes. Teams plans start around $379.88 per user per year on LinkedIn’s published pricing, and employers with as few as two workers can buy seats at that rate.

Does my employer own my LinkedIn Learning history after I leave?

No. The course catalog access ends, but your completion badges stay tied to your personal LinkedIn profile under the LinkedIn User Agreement, so certificates stay with you.

Are non-exempt workers owed overtime for LinkedIn Learning hours?

Yes. Non-exempt workers who complete mandatory LinkedIn Learning beyond 40 hours in a workweek are owed overtime at 1.5 times the regular rate under the FLSA.